Povprečni hektarski pridelki suhih bučnih semen od 300 do 400 kilogramov na enem koncu do več kot 1.200 kilogramov na drugem, tudi pri tej kulturi z jesenskim spravilom kažejo dva obraza. Prav to – odstopanja v obe skrajnosti, bo realnost, s katero se bo potrebno čim prej sprijazniti.

Pri  strnih žitih so glede na čas spravila posledice suš in dolgotrajne poletne vročine manj opazne; drugače bo pri poljščinah, ki jih sejemo spomladi. Zato bodo struktura tal s poudarkom na humusu, način priprave zemlje, izbira hibridov in možnost namakanja igrala vse pomembnejšo vlogo.

Malo pod povprečjem

»Ker v spomladanskem času niso bili optimalni pogoji za učinkovito zatiranje plevelov, pa tudi   izbor herbicidov za to je pri nas ozek, je bila v večini posevkov prisotna večja zapleveljenost, kar je potem vplivalo tudi na višino pridelka,« je oceno letine začel mag. Boštjan Ferenčak (KGZS-Zavod Murska Sobota). Vročinski val junija, ko so bile buče v fazi cvetenja, je pri marsikaterem posevku – najbolj na lahkih tleh, povzročil odpadanje cvetov in s tem veliko redčenje plodov. Sogovornik je še poudaril, da so bile letos v veliki večini buče manjše velikosti, bile so drobnejše. »Kar zadeva višino pridelka na hektar, pa so prisotne velika nihanja: od 300 do 400 kilogramov na peščenih tleh, kjer so bila tla težja in so pridelovalci uspešno obvladali plevele, pa so bili pridelki tudi do 1200 kilogramov suhih semen.«

Sicer se strinja, da je tudi dobre pridelke buč mogoče doseči samo na najboljših zemljiščih in za povrh z dodelano tehnologijo v pridelavi. Če lahko na slednje vplivamo oziroma jo osvojimo, odločilnega vpliva na strukturo zemlje žal nimamo.

Razmerje med mokrim in suhim bučnim semenom je bil po navadi med 52 in 54 %. Zadnja leta je zaradi drobnih semen krepko pod 50 %, ponekod celo 40 %. To pomeni, da od 1000 kilogramov mokrih bučnic dobimo okrog 450 kilogramov suhih.

Surovine bo dovolj

Z letno proizvodnjo 70.000 litrov čistega in 150.000 litrov solatnega bučnega olja je oljarna SKZ Ljutomer-Križevci, ki deluje od leta 2012 v Ključarovcih, ena največji v SV Sloveniji. Direktor zadruge Slavko Petovar letošnjo letino oljnih buč ocenjuje kot solidno. »Povprečen pridelek po hektarju pri nas je znašal 1.500 kilogramov mokrih bučnic; so bila območja, kjer je bil moker pridelek 2.500 kilogramov, pa tudi taka z vsega 500 kilogramov,« je poudaril, v isti sapi pa dodal, da bo letina slabša od lanske.

Ker je zadruga tudi letos imela sklenjene pogodbe z okrog 50 pridelovalci v Prlekiji in Prekmurju, ki so buče za njih pridelali na skoraj 300 hektarjih, bodo letne potrebe po okrog 150 do 160 ton suhega bučnega semena pokrili, nekaj pa bo ostalo kot zaloga za kakšno od slabših letin, je dodal. Zadruga pridelovalcem že nekaj let ponuja možnost zamenjave bučnih semen za bučno olje: za liter olja »rinfuza« (lastna embalaža) obračunajo 3,5 kilograma suhih bučnih semen, za stekleničeni liter pa je potrebnih 3,7 kilograma suhih semen.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      

Danilo Rihtarič, direktor KZ Radgona, pa je poudaril, da je s povprečnim hektarskim pridelkom od 500 do 600 kilogramov suhega semena letošnji izplen buč na njihovem območju eden (naj)slabših doslej  ali v povprečju od 25 do 30 % slabši od lanske.

 Število kooperantov s to oljnico se tudi pri njih povečuje, poudarja, tem bolj, kar je spravilo s strani zagotovljenih strojnih storitev zasebnih ponudnikov dobro organizirano; še bolj pa odkup in zadnja leta tudi sušenje, ki jo v okviru od leta 2022 dobro delujoče sušilnice za bučno seme, sojo in ajdo v Stogovcih pri Apačah ponuja kar njihova zadruga. »Letos smo posušili okrog 200 ton mokrih bučnic, saj ima zadruga tudi storitveno sušenje,« je poudaril. Enako bo tudi za druga v jeseni pospravljena žita.

Njihovo hčerinsko podjetje Kmetijstvo Črnci, ki na Apaškem polju skupaj obdeluje okrog 750 hektarjev njivskih površin, je imelo kot kooperant s KZ Radgona sklenjenih za 50 hektarjev pogodb za oljne bučen, približno toliko so jih imeli tudi s svojimi člani in drugimi.

Odkupna cena kilograma mokrih bučnih semen je letos

1,55 € za pogodbene pridelovalce

1,45 € za tiste brez pogodb.

Na Ormoškem je letina zelo dobra

S pridelovalci, s katerimi smo se pogovarjali, pogrešajo večji nabor herbicidov  v boju proti plevelom v času, dokler listi buč ne prekrijejo tla in tako na naravni način zmanjšajo njihovo intenzivnost rasti. A velikokrat je za to tedaj že prepozno, zato je strojno mehansko zatiranje plevelov edino sredstvo, pa še to glede na vreme ni vselej učinkovito. Motik pa za nekaj hektarjev ni dovolj.

Tudi Robert Sambt iz Lukačavcev pri Moravskih Toplicah letino ocenjuje kot »solidno«, saj je bilo njihovo povprečje na 9 hektarjih, na koliko so jih pridelovali letos, 600 do 700 kilogramov suhih bučnih semen. V ugodnih letinah hektarsko povprečje pri njih znaša tudi do 900 kilogramov, pripomni in doda, da buče pridelujejo za svoje potrebe, saj imajo dopolnilno dejavnost prodaje bučnega olja, suho seme skladiščijo in olje stiskajo sproti glede na potrebe.

V kmetijski gospodarski družbi Jeruzalem Ormož SAT, ki ima v lasi tudi oljarno v Središču ob Dravi, pa so z letino oljnih buč zelo zadovoljni. Čeprav se pri njih spravilo še ni zaključilo in bo trajalo še vsaj ta teden, jo je direktor Marko Plohl ocenil s šolsko oceno 4. »V okviru lastne kmetijske pridelave smo bučam letos namenili 44 hektarjev težjih tal, mokri pridelki pa se v povprečju gibajo od 2.200 do 2.300 kilogramov,« je dejal. Ker imajo za bučno seme dovolj kooperantov in je tudi pri teh letina buč zelo solidna, je prepričan, da bodo imeli v skladiščih dovolj surovin za letno proizvodnjo svoje oljarne, v kateri med drugim stisnejo tudi 100.000 litrov čistega bučnega olja.

Sogovorniki predvidevajo, da se maloprodajna cena litra čistega bučnega olja na bo spremenila in bo ostala v območju 18 evrov.

Leto	Površina (ha)	Povprečni pridelek semen (t/ha)	Skupni pridelek semen  (t)	Odkup semen (t)	Delež odkupa                 (%)	Odkupna cena kg semen (€)
1991	1.053	0,9	926	4101	44,31	19,99 DIN2
2000	2.147	0,7	1.447	751	5,21	300,04 SIT2
2010	6.141	0,6	3.888	283	7,3	3,11
2015	4.939	0,7	3.410	191	5,6	3,77
2016	5.410	0,8	4.117	321	7,8	2,96
2017	4.500	0,6	2.517	346	13,7	2,43
2018	3.650	0,8	2.745	394	14,4	1,99
2019	3.284	0,6	1.973	88	4,5	2,75
2020	4.169	0,7	2.775	210	7,6	2,78
2021	4.491	0,6	2.495	180	7,2	3,06
2022	3.700	0,5	1.988	464	23,3	3,60
2023	2.968	0,4	1.243	130	10,5	3,75
2024	3.758	0,7	2.530	442	17,5	3,40
20253	3.844

• – Podatki o odkupu bučnih semen niso samostojna kategorija, pač pa so del podatkov iz    

   skupine »Druge industrijske rastline«  

   (npr. zdravilna  zelišča), a imajo v njih prevladujoči delež,

• –  V Sloveniji je  evro uradno plačilno sredstvo od 1. 1. 2007, pred tem so bile cene v  

    slovenskih tolarjih (dinarjih). V evro jih lahko preračunamo po »2007 SIT evro« tečaju,   

    ki znaša 1 € = 239,64 SIT.

• – Podatek KGZS

Buče za olje, Slovenija 1991-2024 (VIR: SURS). Vso seme je iz kategorije »suho«.

Skupno (ha):	3.844,27
KGZ Celje	197,72
KGZ Kranj	7,88
KGZ Ljubljana	41,73
KGZ Maribor	205,71
KGZ Murska Sobota	2.419,58
KGZ Nova Gorica	16,35
KGZ Novo mesto	55,42
KGZ Ptuj	899,88

Površine buče za olje po posameznih zavodih KGZS v hektarjih, 2025

(podatki so iz Zbirnih vlog ARSKTRP za leto 2025, VIR: KGZS)

Eni so z letino buč zelo zadovoljni, drugi zelo razočarani.